Note: in order to better understand my writings, I suggest that important characters and events of the period be investigated. ALAMUT CASTLE, ISMAILISM, FATIMIDISM, HASAN SABBAH, THE CONCEPT OF “ASSASSINS", SELJUK HISTORY.
The Knights Templar was founded in 1118 by a bishop named San Bernardo Di Chiaravalle and his nephew, Knight Hugs de Payens, with the name "poor soldiers of Jesus". De Payens and eight Knights from different countries went to Jerusalem in 1119 to protect the Holy Land from infidels and help those in need.
Jerusalem was taken from the hands of the Fatimids by Christians. However, the Fatimids did not see it as a great loss. On the contrary, they entered into an alliance with Christians because they fought Sunnis who were at least as conservative as Catholicism. It was the Sunnis who fought the Crusaders to take back Jerusalem because Jerusalem was a holy city for them, too. The Druze, the modern-day successors of the Fatimids, show examples of solidarity between the Crusaders and Western Muslims in deciduous rituals.Range Within this denomination lies the cooperation in question under some beliefs of Christian origin.
The end of the Fatimid State of Salahattin Ayyubi in 1171 further increased the solidarity of the Ismailis and Crusaders, who were constantly fighting Sunni power. Over time, a special bond was established between the decoys of Hasan Sabbah, the most radical branch of the Ismailis, and the Knights, the leading Crusaders.
After arriving in Jerusalem, Solomon and M. S. King George II, who was charged with protecting his temple. Baudouin included in the church built by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian in 540, the" poor soldiers of Jesus "changed their name due to their new duties and took the name" Knights Templar " (Knights Templar). After a while these knights and their organizations were briefly called "Templars".
The Templars, who carried out the organization by taking the structure of the Ismailli organization as an example, continued Ismailli practices such as discipline, hierarchy, absolute devotion and obedience to the Great Master, who was the head of the sect."They installed a three-degree launch system. The aprons of the Templars, who wore gloves to avoid touching the bread, which they saw as a symbol of the Holy Spirit in rites called" Mass", with their hands, which could be dirty, were also made of sheepskin and white. The Arts ' apron and gloves were not only there, but all their clothes were white. The Crimean cross, the symbol of the Crusaders, was erected on the breasts of the Templars, who also received this tradition from the Ismailis.
Members of the sect were taken under an oath of secrecy, and those who broke the oath paid the price with their lives. The Knights called each other " brothers.""In three-Grade organizational structures, first-degree holders were called "serving brothers" because of the obligation to serve higher-grade members. Members of the order who were "Chaplains" of the second degree, but a knight of the highest degree, could obtain the title "Knight".
Its strong organizational structure and enormous wealth brought concern and jealousy along with great power. After Salahattin Ayyubi captured Jerusalem in 1187 and ended the Latin kingdom, the Templars were forced to leave Jerusalem along with other Knight sects. The Templars first crossed to Akka and then to Cyprus. At this time, the Grand Master of the sect was Jacques de Molay, who came from a noble French family. At that time, the then King of France, "Philip the Beautiful", was living his days of power. To overcome his financial difficulties, he borrowed a large amount from the Templars and had trouble paying them back. In the face of this, the fact that it was a very financially powerful organization and spread to Europe prevented King Philip from acting alone. As mentioned earlier, the papacy realized that the Templars were increasingly weakening the Catholic Church, and was waiting for an opportunity to destroy the organization.
After Cyprus, The Templars chose London as their headquarters. Although the majority of the directors were in London, the Paris arm of the organization was extremely strong. A third of the city was under the control of the Templars and outside the jurisdiction of King Philip. All artisans attached to the institution had, in accordance with them, free artisans with rights granted by the Papacy and exempt from all obligations of the kingdom.
King Philip, 5, who wanted to put an end to this situation and, in the meantime, decoupled his debt to the Templars as a result of intensive lobbying. Clement was elected to the papacy. Pope Clement, well aware of what the secular system implemented by the Templars meant for the Papacy, and also wanting to repay his debt to King Philip, issued an order asking for the lavas of society all over Europe. Just before the pope issued this order, King Philip invited De Molay, Grand Master of the Templars, and other leaders of the organization from England to France on the pretext that a new crusade would be organized.
Following Philip's call, in October 1307 De Molay and 60 Knights Templar went to Paris. When Philip arrested De Molay and the Knights at a dinner in his honor, the papacy demanded that they preach against the Templars in all churches in order to provoke the people against them. A huge hunt for the Templars began all over Europe. The organization's assets and lands are confiscated by the kingdoms, while some portable treasures are confiscated. He sailed from the port of Rochelle in 18 ships with some Knights. Information on these ships and Knights could not be obtained later.
This attitude of the papacy brought the end of another organization called the Gildeler, which, along with the Templars, had a close relationship with them. Construction priests from Gilde had to either pursue the priesthood profession or choose construction. Many of the Knights who survived the pursuit took refuge in Scotland.
Robert The Bruce of Scotland, King, very well received. These knights were aware that they could no longer be active as an organization. For this reason, they joined the Freemasons, the most common organization with esoteric content after them at that time. Not only in Scotland, but across Europe, Masonic lodges opened their doors to the Knights Templar. With this participation, a great vitality also came to the Lodges. From that day on, Freemasonry, in addition to being a professional organization, rose to the position of practitioner and propagandist of esoteric doctrine in Europe. Meanwhile, as a result of the participation of the Knights and priests of Gilde, intellectual work as well as professional work began to come to the fore in the Lodges Dec.RangeWhat happened to the Templars was immortalized by Dante under the name "Divine Comedy". The phrase "brother of Imperial Prince Templi of the Holy Order of Kadosh" on the back of a Dante relief found in the Vienna museum shows that the Templier organization, although long demolished, continued to exist, albeit in other organizations.
Although the surviving members of the Templars were incorporated into Masonic lodges after the massacre of France, the papacy did not touch Freemasonry for long. It did not remove the privileges granted to them because the Christian world needed people who built churches and cathedrals. Freemasons kept the secrets of construction with great care, and these traditions of keeping secrets were also the real reason for the execution of their assets. Bricklayers were always free, as their work was a job that required them to travel constantly. This tradition has been going on for thousands of years, and thanks to the advantages of free movement and organization, many streams of ideas spread to Europe with Freemasons. For this reason, the name of the organization was "free masons" (Free Masons) organization.
Masonic lodges, which organized their organizations under the influence of the Templars, taking the example of Futuvvets, an ismailli craft organization, were not only a Union of builders, but also a training January where philosophical issues were processed. Freemasons who acquired their first knowledge of the science of alchemy through the Templars and received this knowledge from the Ismailis were also in contact with the Kabbalah. As a result of the relationship established with the members of the Kabbalah School, Alchemy has come to the fore decisively among the Freemasons. After the dissolution of the Templars, Freemasonry remained the only organization in Europe to have an organization.
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